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Medical Dictionary Definitions A-Z List

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Medical Dictionary Definitions A - Z - «R»:

  1. Randomization Randomization
    Randomization: A method based on chance alone by which study participants are assigned to a treatment group. Randomization minimizes the differences among groups by equally distributing people with particular characteristics among all the trial arms. The researchers do not know which treatment is be...
  2. Randomize Randomize
    Randomize: To use chance alone to assign or arrange. For example, the investigators may randomize the participants in a clinical trial to different groups in order to compare the outcomes of different treatments....
  3. Randomized Randomized
    Randomized: The use of chance alone to assign the participants in an experiment or trial to different groups in order to fairly compare the outcomes with different treatments. Randomization is an important feature of experimental design....
  4. Randomized clinical trial Randomized clinical trial
    Randomized clinical trial: A clinical trial in which the participants are assigned randomly (by chance alone) to different treatments. See also: Randomized controlled trial....
  5. Randomized controlled trial Randomized controlled trial
    Randomized controlled trial: (RCT) A study in which people are allocated at random (by chance alone) to receive one of several clinical interventions. One of these interventions is the standard of comparison or control. The control may be a standard practice, a placebo ("sugar pill"), or no interven...
  6. Randomly Randomly
    Randomly: In a random manner, as by chance alone. The participants in the trial were randomly assigned to receive aspirin or a placebo....
  7. Range Range
    Range: In medicine and statistics, the difference between the lowest and highest numerical values. For example, if five premature infants are born weighing two, three, four, four, and five pounds respectively, the range of their birth weights is two to five pounds....
  8. Range of motion Range of motion
    Range of motion: The range through which a joint can be moved, usually its range of flexion and extension. Due to an injury, the knee may for example lack 10 degrees of full extension....
  9. Range, normal Range, normal
    Range, normal: By convention, the normal range for whatever (a particular test, condition, symptom, behavior, etc.) is set to cover ninety-five percent (95%) of all values from the general population. Five percent (5%) of results consequently fall outside the normal range. Values that prove normal c...
  10. RANTES RANTES
    RANTES: A cytokine that is a member of the interleukin-8 superfamily of cytokines. RANTES is a protein. It is a selective attractant for memory T lymphocytes and monocytes. It binds to CCR5, a coreceptor of HIV. RANTES is an acronym for Regulated on Activation, Normal T Expressed and Secreted. It is...
  11. Rape Rape
    Rape: Forced sexual intercourse; sexual assault; sexual intercourse between an adult and a minor. Rape may be heterosexual (involving members of opposite sexes) or homosexual (involving members of the same sex). Rape involves insertion of an erect penis or an inanimate object into the female va...
  12. Rape, date Rape, date
    Rape, date: Rape of a woman by a man with whom she is acquainted. The rapist is usually the woman's "date" (escort). Although there are many possible date rape scenarios, in a common one, the man tries to weaken the resistance of the female by exerting undue psychological pressure upon her or b...
  13. Rapid eye movement sleep Rapid eye movement sleep
    Rapid eye movement sleep: Rapid eye movement sleep (REM) sleep is the portion of sleep when there are rapid eye movements (REMs). Dreams occur during REM sleep. We typically have 3 to 5 periods of REM sleep per night. They occur at intervals of 1-2 hours and are quite variable in length. An episo...
  14. Rapid plasma reagin test Rapid plasma reagin test
    Rapid plasma reagin test: A screening blood test for syphilis. Rapid plasma reagin is commonly abbreviated RPR. A negative ("nonreactive") RPR test result is compatible with a person not having syphilis. However, a person may have a negative RPR test and still have syphilis since, in the early stage...
  15. Rapid strep test Rapid strep test
    Rapid strep test: A diagnostic test commonly used to demonstrate whether streptococcus bacteria ("strep") are present in the throat. A throat infection with strep needs to be treated with an antibiotic. The traditional test for a strep throat has been a throat culture; the major drawback is that the...
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