Medical Dictionary Definitions A-Z List
Medical Dictionary Definitions A - Z - «R»:
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Replacement therapy, testosterone
Replacement therapy, testosterone: The practice
of giving testosterone to treat conditions in which the
testes do not produce enough testosterone. This may be due to
absence, injury, or disease.
Testosterone is available in oral, IV, and
patch forms. As with estrogen replacement therapy for
wo...
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Replacement, total hip
Replacement, total hip: Surgery in which the diseased ball and socket of the hip joint are completely removed and replaced with artificial materials. A metal ball with a stem (a prosthesis) is inserted into the femur (thigh bone) and an artificial plastic cup socket is placed in the acetabulum (a "c...
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Replantation
Replantation: 1. Literally, the act of planting again.
2. In surgery, the restoration of any part of the body to its original site. Also known as reimplantation.
The Chinese surgeon Zhong Wei Chen (1929-2004) was the "father of replantation." Dr. Chen was the first to reattach a severed hand with s...
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Replication
Replication: A turning back,
repetition, duplication, reproduction....
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Replication, DNA
Replication, DNA: A wondrous complex process whereby
the ("parent") strands of DNA in the double helix are separated and each one is
copied to produce a new ("daughter") strand. This process is said to be
"semi-conservative" since one of each parent strand is conserved ...
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Reportable disease
Reportable disease: A disease that must be reported to federal, state, or local health officials when diagnosed. Reportable diseases include active tuberculosis, viral hepatitis, syphilis, gonorrhea, and HIV. Also called a notifiable disease....
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Reporting, anonymous
Reporting, anonymous: In public health, anonymous reporting permits
the acquisition of certain data such as the proportion of persons with a positive test or
with a disease. It is different from anonymous testing, in which no name is used on the
test sample....
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Reporting, named
Reporting, named: In public health, named reporting is the reporting
of infected persons by name to public health departments. This is standard practice for
the surveillance of many infectious diseases such as syphilis, gonorrhea, and tuberculosis
that pose a public health threat. The opposite of n...
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Reporting, unique identifier
Reporting, unique identifier: In public health, a system that uses
information such as the person's birth date and part of their identification number
(in the U.S., the social security number) to create a unique code that is reported instead
of a name. It is an alternative to named reporting that pr...
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Representational oligonucleotide microarray
Representational oligonucleotide microarray analysis: See: ROMA....
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Reproduction
Reproduction:
The production of offspring. Reproduction need not be sexual. Yeast can reproduce by budding....
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Reproductive cells
Reproductive cells: The eggs and sperm are the
reproductive cells. Each mature reproductive cell is haploid in that
it has a single set of 23 chromosomes containing half the usual
amount of DNA.
Except for the eggs and sperm, each cell in the human body --
there are 100 trillion cells in each of...
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Reproductive organs, female
Reproductive organs, female: The internal genital structures of the female include the ovaries, the Fallopian tubes, the uterus (womb) and the vagina.
The ovaries or "egg sacs" are a pair of female reproductive organs located in the pelvis, one on each side of the uterus. Each ovary is about the si...
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Reproductive system
Reproductive system: In women, the organs that are
directly involved in producing eggs and in conceiving and carrying
babies. In men, the organs directly involved in creating, storing,
and delivering sperm to fertilize an egg....
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Research, clinical
Research, clinical: A study of a treatment,
procedure, or medication done in a medical setting. See
also clinical research trials....
