Medical Dictionary Definitions A-Z List
Medical Dictionary Definitions A - Z - «S»:
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Shield, nipple
Shield, nipple: See: Nipple shield....
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Shigella
Shigella: A group of bacteria
that normally inhabit the intestinal tract and cause
infantile gastroenteritis, summer diarrhea of childhood and
various forms of dysentery including epidemic and
opportunistic bacillary dysentery. Named for the Japanese
bacteriologist Kiyoshi Shiga (1870-1957)...
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Shigellosis
Shigellosis: Epidemic and
opportunistic bacillary dysentery due to infection with the
Shigella bacteria. Shigellosis causes intestinal pain and diarrhea with mucus and blood in the stool. It is especially common in tropical countries, but frequently occurs elsewhere. It is a particular hazard for...
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Shin
Shin: 1. The tibia, the larger of the two bones in the lower leg.
2. The anterior aspect (front) of the tibia....
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Shin bone fever
Shin bone fever: Called shin bone fever because it
characteristically causes fever and pain in the legs, this disease is
also known as trench fever.
It is a disease borne by body lice that
was first recognized in the trenches of World War I, when it is
estimated to have affected more than a mi...
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Shin splint
Shin splint: An inflammatory condition of the front part of
the tibia (the big bone in the lower leg) that results from overuse
as, for example, from running too much on hard roads or sidewalks.
Shin splints are due to injury to the tendon (called the posterior
peroneal tendon) and adjacent tiss...
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Shin spot
Shin spot: A light brown or reddish oval or round scaly patch on the skin of the shin. Shin spots can be due to diabetes. See: Diabetic dermopathy....
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Shinbone
Shinbone: The larger of the two bones in the lower leg (the smaller one being the fibula). The shinbone is anatomically known as the tibia.
"Tibia" is a Latin word meaning both shinbone and flute. It is thought that "tibia" refers to both the bone and the musical instrument because flutes were once...
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Shingle
Shingle: In medicine, a small signboard outside the office of a doctor. The term has nothing to do with the disease shingles....
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Shingles
Shingles: An acute infection caused by the
herpes zoster virus, the same virus as causes chickenpox. Shingles is most common after the age of 50 and the risk rises with advancing age. Shingles occurs because of exposure to chickenpox or reactivation of the herpes zoster virus. The virus remains lat...
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Shingles pain
Shingles pain: Localized pain in the area of involvement of shingles. When such pain persists beyond one month it is referred to as postherpetic neuralgia.The most common complication of shingles is postherpetic
neuralgia.
This occurs when the pain associated with shingles persists beyond one...
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Ship fever
Ship fever: An old name for epidemic typhus, which was common in the crowded conditions aboard ship. Ship Fever and Other Stories (1996) by Andrea Barrett received the National Book Award. See: Typhus, epidemic....
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Shock
Shock: In medicine, shock is a critical condition
brought on by a sudden drop in blood flow through the body. There is
failure of the
circulatory system to maintain adequate blood flow. This sharply
curtails the delivery of
oxygen and nutrients to vital organs. It also compromises the kidney
and ...
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Shock lung
Shock lung: See: ARDS....
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Shock syndrome, dengue
Shock syndrome, dengue: A
syndrome due to the dengue virus that tends to affect
children under 10, causing abdominal pain, hemorrhage
(bleeding) and circulatory collapse (shock). Known also as
dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), it starts abruptly with
high continuous fever and headache plus re...
