Medical Dictionary Definitions A-Z List
Medical Dictionary Definitions A - Z - «M»:
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Monoclonal antibody
Monoclonal antibody: An antibody produced by a single clone of cells (specifically, a single clone of hybridoma cells) and therefore a single pure homogeneous type of antibody. Monoclonal antibodies can be made in large amounts in the laboratory and are a cornerstone of immunology. The term "monoclo...
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Monocular
Monocular: 1. With one eye, as in monocular vision.
2. With one eyepiece, as in a monocular microscope....
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Monocular diplopia
Monocular diplopia: See: Diplopia, monocular....
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Monocyte
Monocyte: A white blood cell that has a single nucleus and can ingest (take in) foreign material. (In other words, a monocyte is thus a mononuclear phagocyte that circulates in the blood.)
Monocytes later emigrate from blood into the tissues of the body and there differentiate (evolve into) into ce...
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Monocyte chemotactic and activating factor
Monocyte chemotactic and activating factor: See: MPC1....
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Monocyte chemotactic protein-1
Monocyte chemotactic protein-1: See: MPC1....
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Monogenic
Monogenic: Pertaining to one gene. As opposed to polygenic....
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Mononeuritis
Mononeuritis: Inflammation of a single nerve. There are
many causes of mononeuritis including diabetes mellitus, carpal
tunnel syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, and Lyme disease. The
treatment of mononeuritis depends on the underlying cause.
Whereas mononeuritis involves only a single nerve, monone...
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Mononeuritis multiplex
Mononeuritis multiplex: Inflammation of two or more nerves, typically in unrelated portions of the body.
Mononeuritis multiplex causes a loss of function of the muscle tissue that is innervated by the affected nerve. For example, sudden loss of ability to normally lift the foot up while walking (fo...
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Mononeuropathy
Mononeuropathy: A disorder of a single nerve or nerve trunk. Mononeuropathies may be due to entrapment, compression, stretch injury, ischemia, infection, or inflammation of a nerve. The most common entrapments are of the median nerve of the wrist (the carpal tunnel syndrome) and ulnar nerve of the e...
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Mononucleosis
Mononucleosis: Infection with the Epstein-Barr virus
(EBV, human herpesvirus 4, HHV-4) in which there is an increase of
white blood cells that have a single nucleus (monocytes). The
infection can be spread by saliva. Its incubation period is four to
eight weeks. Symptoms include fever, fatigue, ...
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Mononucleotide
Mononucleotide: A single base pair. A trinucleotide (a triplet of base pairs) may be split into a dinucleotide and a mononucleotide....
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Monosodium glutamate
Monosodium glutamate: MSG, a sodium salt of the amino acid glutamic acid that enhances the flavor of certain foods. Originally isolated from seaweed, MSG is now made by fermenting corn, potatoes and rice. It does not enhance the four basic tastes (bitter, salty, sour, sweet) but it does enhance the ...
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Monosomy
Monosomy: Missing one chromosome from a pair. For
example, if a female has one X chromosome (X monosomy) rather than
two, Turner syndrome is the result....
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Monozygous twins
Monozygous twin: Identical twins that originate from a single fertilized egg (a zygote)....
