Diseases & conditions A-Z List
Diseases & Conditions A-Z List - «M»:
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Melanin
Melanin is a natural substance that gives color (pigment) to hair, skin, and the iris of the eye. It is produced by cells in the skin called melanocytes.
Melanin also helps protect the skin from the sun.
Alternative Names
Skin pigment
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Melanoma
Melanoma is the most dangerous type of skin cancer. It is the leading cause of death from skin disease.
It involves cells called melanocytes, which produce a skin pigment called melanin. Melanin is responsible for skin and hair color.
Melanoma can also involve the colored part of the eye. For inform...
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Melanoma of the eye
Melanoma of the eye is cancer that occurs in various parts of the eye.
Causes
Melanoma is a very aggressive type of cancer that can spread rapidly.
Melanoma of the eye can affect several parts of the eye, including the:
Choroid
Ciliary body
Conjunctiva
Eyelid
Iris
Orbit
The choroid layer is th...
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Melasma
Melasma is a dark skin discoloration that appears on sun-exposed areas of the face.
Causes
Melasma is a very common skin disorder. Though it can affect anyone, young women with brownish skin tones are at greatest risk.
Melasma is often associated with the female hormones estrogen and progesterone. ...
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Membranoproliferative GN
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis is a kidney disorder that involves inflammation and changes in the microscopic structure of kidney cells. It leads to disrupted kidney function.
Causes
Glomerulonephritis is inflammation of the glomeruli, the inner structures of the kidney that help filter ...
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Membranous nephropathy
Membranous nephropathy is a kidney disorder which involves changes and inflammation of the structures inside the kidney that help filter waste and fluids. The inflammation leads to problems with kidney function.
Causes
Membranous nephropathy is caused by thickening of part of the glomerular basemen...
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Memory loss
Memory loss (amnesia) is unusual forgetfulness. It may refer to not being able to remember new events, not being able to recall one or more memories of the past, or both.
Considerations
The cause determines whether amnesia comes on slowly or suddenly, and whether it is temporary or permanent.
Norma...
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Meniere’s disease
Meniere's disease is an inner ear disorder that affects balance and hearing.
See also: Vertigo
Causes
The inner ear has fluid-filled tubes called semicircular canals, or labyrinths. The canals, along with a nerve in your skull, help interpret your body's position and maintain your balance.
Meniere...
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Meningitis
Meningitis is swelling and irritation (inflammation) of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord. This inflammation causes changes in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that surrounds the brain and spinal cord.
See also:
Aseptic meningitis
Meningitis - gram-negative
Meningitis - H. influenz...
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Meningitis - cryptococcal
Cryptococcal meningitis is a fungal infection of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord (meninges).
See also:
Aseptic meningitis
Meningitis - gram-negative
Meningitis - H. influenzae
Meningitis - meningococcal
Meningitis - pneumococcal
Meningitis - staphylococcal
Meningitis ...
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Meningitis - gram-negative
Gram-negative meningitis is an infection of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord (meninges) caused by bacteria that turn pink when exposed to a special stain (gram-negative bacteria).
See also:
Aseptic meningitis
Meningitis - cryptococcal
Meningitis - H. influenzae
Meningitis - ...
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Meningitis - H. influenzae
Haemophilus influenzae meningitis is a bacterial infection of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord (meninges).
See also:
Aseptic meningitis
Meningitis
Meningitis - cryptococcal
Meningitis - gram-negative
Meningitis - meningococcal
Meningitis - pneumococcal
Meningitis - sta...
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Meningitis - meningococcal
Meningococcal meningitis is an infection that causes swelling and irritation (inflammation) of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord.
See also:
Aseptic meningitis
Meningitis
Meningitis - cryptococcal
Meningitis - gram-negative
Meningitis - H. influenzae
Meningitis - pneumococ...
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Meningitis - pneumococcal
Pneumococcal meningitis is a bacterial inflammation or infection of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord.
See also:
Aseptic meningitis
Meningitis
Meningitis - cryptococcal
Meningitis - gram-negative
Meningitis - H. influenzae
Meningitis - meningococcal
Meningitis - staphylo...
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Meningitis - staphylococcal
Staphylococcal meningitis is a bacterial infection of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord (meninges).
See also:
Aseptic meningitis
Meningitis - cryptococcal
Meningitis - gram-negative
Meningitis - H. influenzae
Meningitis - meningococcal
Meningitis - pneumococcal
Meningit...