Diseases & conditions A-Z List
Diseases & Conditions A-Z List - «E»:
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E. coli enteritis
E. coli enteritis is inflammation of the small intestine from Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria. It is the most common cause of travelers' diarrhea.
Causes
E. coli is a type of bacteria that normally lives in the intestines of humans and animals without causing any problems. However, certain ty...
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Ear - blocked at high altitudes
The air pressure outside of your body changes as altitude changes. This creates a difference in pressure on the two sides of the eardrum. The result is a feeling of pressure and blockage in the ears.
Information
Yawning or swallowing usually opens the Eustachian tube, which connects the middle ear ...
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Ear barotrauma
Ear barotrauma is discomfort and possible damage in the ear due to pressure differences between the inside and outside of the eardrum.
Causes
The air pressure in the middle ear is usually the same as the air pressure outside of the body. The eustachian tube is a connection between the middle ear an...
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Ear discharge
Ear discharge is drainage of blood, ear wax, pus, or fluid from the ear.
Considerations
Most of the time, any fluid leaking out of an ear is ear wax.
However, discharge may also be caused by a minor irritation or infection. A ruptured eardrum can cause a white, slightly bloody, or yellow discharge ...
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Ear drainage culture
An ear drainage culture is a laboratory test to check for infection-causing substances in a sample of fluid, pus, wax, or blood from the ear.
See also: Ear drainage
How the Test is Performed
A sample of ear drainage is needed. Your health care provider will use a cotton swab to collect the sample ...
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Ear emergencies
Ear emergencies include objects in the ear canal and ruptured eardrums.
See also: Acoustic trauma
Considerations
Children often stick objects into their ears. These objects can be difficult to remove because the ear canal is a tube of solid bone that is lined with thin, sensitive skin. Any object ...
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Ear examination
During an ear examination, the doctor looks inside your ear using an instrument called an otoscope.
How the Test is Performed
The health care provider may dim the lights in the room.
A young child will be asked to lie on his or her back with the head turned to the side, or the child's head may rest...
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Ear infection - acute
Ear infections are one of the most common reasons parents take their children to the doctor. While there are different types of ear infections, the most common is called otitis media, which means an inflammation and infection of the middle ear. The middle ear is located just behind the eardrum.
The ...
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Ear infection - chronic
Chronic ear infection is inflammation or infection of the middle ear that persists or keeps coming back, and causes long-term or permanent damage to the ear.
See also: Acute ear infection
Causes
For each ear, a eustachian tube runs from the middle ear to the back of the throat. This tube drains fl...
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Ear tube insertion
Ear tube insertion is the placement of tubes through the eardrums. It is done to help the fluid behind the eardrums to drain so that the ears can function normally, or to reduce the risk of recurrent ear infections.
Note: While this article focuses on ear tube insertion in children, most of the info...
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Earache
An earache can be a sharp, dull, or burning pain in one or both ears. The pain may be temporary or constant.
See also:
Otitis media
Swimmer's ear
Malignant otitis externa
Considerations
The symptoms of an ear infection may include:
Ear pain
Fever
Fussiness
Increased crying
Irritability
...
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Eardrum repair
Eardrum repair refers to one or more surgical procedures that are done to correct a tear or other damage to the eardrum (tympanic membrane).
Ossiculoplasty is the repair of the small bones in the middle ear.
Description
Most patients (and all children) receive general anesthesia. This means they ar...
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Earlobe creases
Earlobe creases are superficial lines in the otherwise smooth earlobe of a child or young adult.
Considerations
The earlobes of children and young adults are normally smooth. Creases are sometimes associated with rare syndromes that are passed down through families.
Some studies have found that peo...
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Early symptomatic HIV infection
Early symptomatic HIV infection is a stage of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus when symptoms are present but AIDS has not yet developed.
See also:
Acute HIV infection
Asymptomatic HIV infection
HIV infection
Causes
Early symptomatic HIV infection has signs and symptoms typica...
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Eating extra calories when you are sick - adults
If you are sick or getting cancer treatment, you may not feel like eating. But it is important to get enough protein and calories so that you do not lose too much weight. Eating well will help you handle your illness and side effects of treatment better.
Change your eating habits to get more calorie...